The epigenome is a multitude of chemical compounds that can tell the genome what to do. The human genome is the complete assembly of DNA about 3 billion base pairs – that makes each individual unique. DNA holds the instructions for building the proteins that carry out a variety of functions in a cell. The epigenome is made up of chemical compounds and proteins that can attach to DNA and direct such actions as turning genes on or off, controlling the production of proteins in particular cells.
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Journal of Cancer Biology and Clinical Oncology 