Anaemias resulting from vitamin B12 or folate deficiency are sometimes referred to as macrocytic anaemia because red blood cells are larger than normal, or “megaloblastic” due to abnormally large immature red cells in the bone marrow.
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Cancer immunology is an interdisciplinary branch of biology that is concerned with understanding the role of the immune system in the progression and development of cancer; the most well known application is cancer immunotherapy, which utilises the immune system as a treatment for cancer.
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Tumor markers are substances in the body that are produced in much higher quantities when cancer or certain benign conditions are present. The substances may be found in the blood, urine, stool or tumor tissue. Generally, tumor marker measurements are used in combination with other tests, such as biopsies.
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Cancer genomics is the study of the totality of DNA sequence and gene expression differences between tumour cells and normal host cells. Cancer genome sequencing is the whole genome sequencing of a single, homogeneous or heterogeneous group of cancer cells. It is a biochemical laboratory method for the characterization and identification of the DNA or RNA sequences of cancer cell
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Abstract
This study examined the potential effect of HAI-1 over-expression on autophagy of prostate cancer PC-3 cells and its possible mechanism. PC-3 cells were transfected with plasmids to generate HAI-1 stably over-expressing PC-3/HAI-1 and control cell lines. The relative levels of HAI-1 mRNA transcripts in control PC-3 and PC-3/HAI-1 cells were determined by RT_PCR. The levels of Beclin1 expression in both cell lines were determined by Western blot. The levels of autophagic vesicles and autophagosomes in these cell lines were characterized by Cyto-ID® Autophagy Detection Dye Staining and transmission electronic microscopy. In comparison with the control PC-3 cells, HAI-1 mRNA transcripts and Beclin1 expression significantly increased in PC_3/HAI1 cells. There were many autophagic vesicles and autophagosomes detected in PC-3/HAI-1 cells. In conclusion, HAI-1 over-expression may promote autophagy of prostate cancer PC-3 cells in vitro.
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Abstract
Introduction: Tobacco is the major risk factor for obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and lung cancer. Therefore stopping smoking is the most effective way of halting or slowing the progress of this disease. Medically inoperable patients with early stage lung cancer with central or peripheral lesions could be safely treated by stereotactic radiotherapy (SBRT). This case-control study aims to investigate the role of smoking cessation on functional variations after radiotherapy and the impact on response rate. Methods: Forty-five smokers patients with moderate COPD and affected by non-small cell lung cancer stage T1-3N0M0 were progressively enrolled. They underwent successful smoking cessation program with varenicline or NRT (nicotine replacement therapy), at the time stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) was undertaken.
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Abstract
Purpose: Colon cancer is a common malignant disease with a high rate of cancer-related deaths. Current conventional chemotherapies to treat advanced colon cancer are not effective and often have serious side effects. Thus, there is an urgent need for discovering new treatments with a high efficacy and less toxicity. Because phellinus linteus (PL) has been widely used in Asia to treat cancers, we in this study investigated how the polysaccharides (P-PL) extracted from PL effectively targeted colon cancer cells. Methods: P-PL was used to test its effects on Human colon epithelial-like Caco-2 and cancerous HCT116 or HT29 cells IN VITRO and IN VIVO. The assays to analyze cell cycle progression, the expressions of G1 /S cyclins and function of mRNA binding protein HuR were conducted for investigating the molecular mechanisms of the anti-colon cancer action of P-PL. Results: In this study, we demonstrated that P-PL treatment preferentially induced human colon cancer HCT116 or HT29 cells to apoptosis, but had a little cytotoxicity to the control, immortalized colon epithelial-like Caco-2 cells. P-PL-treated colon cancer cells accumulate in S phase of the cell cycle before underwent apoptosis. In this process, cyclin E (clnE) expression is decreased, which is due to the decrease of its mRNA stability. Furthermore, HuR function in treated cancer cells is perturbed.
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Abstract
Life altering situations can come at the most unexpected time. This abstract addresses a real-life unfolding scenario case study of a 57 female who is the main financial and health care support of her family. The case study presented here in real-time will help health care workers understand the dynamics of a family unit being torn apart as they are grasping the gravity of the diagnosis of Triple Negative metastatic breast cancer. This revealing case study will also show the good and bad experiences that a family and patient experience as they traverse the health care system in attempt to find the right medical team that is willing to work together for the best possible outcomes. Additionally, this case study will shed light on the situation whereby the female who is the primary support of the family income as well as health care insurance accepts that she may have to work up until the end of life to ensure her family is cared for.
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Abstract
Introduction: Intra renal paraganglioma are exceptional tumors. A thorough literature review found only twelve additional cases of intrarenal paraganglioma reported up to date. Case presentation: The authors report the case of a paraganglioma intra discovered on renal nephrectomy piece performed on a right kidney destroyed by pelvic calculi. Conclusion : The treatment of these tumors requires a more complete surgical resection possible since the prognosis depends. There exists against no consensus on the usefulness of complementary therapies, which nevertheless may be symptomatic title in extra. Through this observation we insist on the clinical, paraclinical and therapeutic characteristics of this anatomo-pathological entity.
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Journal of Cancer Biology and Clinical Oncology (JCBCO) is an informative journal which publishes Authorsentic research on novel concepts and prospects, methods in clinical cancer research, personalized therapeutic approaches, accurate diagnosis, early detection and also physical aspects which include radiology and oncology rehabilitation. It also connects laboratory experimentation and clinical research. It publishes the studies of research, reviews and prospects that lies in the biology of premalignancy, risk factors, chemotheraphy and molecular discoveries.
JCBCO provides vision for researchers and readers an platform for wide knowledge on rapid advancements on cancer therapy and biomarkers used in the treatment. It covers the major sessions like Carcinogenesis, Cancer genetics, Tumour detection, Epidemiology, Cancer cell biology, Cancer prevention, Cancer immunology, Predictive markers, Drug response and Drug toxicity.
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Journal of Cancer Biology and Clinical Oncology 